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1 prosterno
prō-sterno, strāvi, strātum, 3, v. a., to strew in front of, to strew before one; also, to throw to the ground, throw down, overthrow, prostrate (syn.: fundo, profligo, provolvo).I.Lit.:II.eo prosternebant folia farferi,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 31 (al. praesternebant):ceteros ruerem... et prosternerem,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21:pondere silvam,
Ov. M. 8, 776:prostraturus humi corpus,
Curt. 8, 5, 6; cf. Liv. 9, 6:se ad pedes alicujus,
Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 45; so,prosternere se et supplicare alicui,
id. Planc. 20, 50:his auditis prostraverant se omnes humi,
Liv. 45, 20, 9:hostem prostravit, fudit, occidit,
Cic. Phil. 14, 10, 27:hostem ferro,
Sil. 7, 397:legio prosternitur latis arvis,
Val. Fl. 6, 508:telo virum,
id. ib. 3, 185:lapsu equi prostratus,
Tac. H. 4, 34.—Trop.1.To throw to the ground, to overthrow, subvert, ruin, destroy, etc. (freq. and class.):2.omnia cupiditate ac furore,
Cic. Clu. 6, 15; 31, 70; cf.:jacet ille nunc prostratus,
id. Cat. 2, 1, 2; and:afflicta ct prostrata virtus,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 211; id. Leg. 2, 17, 42: malevolorum obtrectationes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 9, 1:mores civitatis,
Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 113:carminum studium,
Tac. Or 11: se prosternere, to demean or debase one's self, Cic. Par. 1, 14:prostrata est Philisthaea omnis,
Vulg. Isa. 14, 31.—To prostitute, Suet. Caes. 2; id. Tib. 35; id. Calig. 24; Just. 12, 7, 11; Arn. 2, 73 (in Plin Pan. 31 the true read. is praesterni). -
2 στέρνον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `breast, chest', in Hom. always of the manly breast, also as seat of the feelings etc., "heart" (poet. Il., also medic.).Other forms: often pl. -α.Compounds: Compp., e.g. εὑρύ-στερνος `with a wide chest' (Hes. a.o.), στερνο-τυπής `beating the chest' (E. in lyr.), πρό-στερνος `in front of the chest' (A.), to which προστερν-ίδιον n. `chest-harness of horses' (X. u.a.), also στερνίδιον `id.' (late).Derivatives: Verbal derivations from hypostases or univerbations, e.g. ὑποστερν-ίζομαι `fix under the chest (Plu.; ὑπόστερνον ὑπογάστριον H.). Further derivv. rare: στερνίτιδες πλευραί (Poll.; Redard 105), στερνιξ ἐντεριώνη H. (as μόλιξ, ῥηνιξ a.o.); unclear στερνιον des. of a difficult digestible meat, cf. LSJ s.v.Etymology: As des. of the breast a Greek innovation, but the word has several cognates outside Greek: Germ., e.g. OHG stirna f. `forehead', IE *stern-i̯ā, Slav. e.g. Russ. storoná, `region, side' IE *stor-nā, Welsh sarn `stratum, pavimentum = Skt. ptc. stīrṇá `stratus, spread out; ΙΕ *str̥̄no- = *str̥Hno-, zero grade of str̥ṇā́ti `strew out, spread out; s. στόρνυμι; but the laryngeal is not found in στέρνον. So prop. meaning of στέρνον (formation like τέκνον, φερνή) `what is spread out, extension, plain' (opposed to the neck, ἱσθμός; τὰ ἴσθμια `pit, throat'). Cf. on στῆθος. -- As the laryngeal cannot be accomodated, a bit uncertain.Page in Frisk: 2,791-792Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στέρνον
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